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NEWS MAP | FACEBOOK | TWITTER | RSS | DONATERAINFORESTSA Place Out of Tropical: Tropical Rainforests and the Perils They Face - information on tropical forests, deforestation, and biodiversityBy Rhett ButlerRAINFOREST INFORMATIONPrefaceWorld RainforestsRainforest StructureRainforest BiodiversityCanopyForest FloorRainforest WatersIndigenous PeopleDeforestationGlobal ImportanceRainforest ConservationReferencesDeforestation Charts Deforestation TablesAmazon Rainforest Congo RainforestDeforestation in BrazilRainforest ImagesFAQsInterview with mongabayInterviews with scientistsOther languagesRAINFOREST INFORMATION FOR KIDSAbout rainforestsRainforest animalsRainforest peopleIn the rainforestWhy are rainforests important? Why are rainforests disappearing? How can we save rainforests?Teaching resourcesBACKGROUND INFORMATION ON RAINFORESTSRAINFOREST FACTSTropical forests presently cover about 2.4 billion hectares or about 16 percent of Earth's land surface. The world's largest rainforest is the Amazon rainforestBrazil has the largest extent of rainforest coverRainforests also exist outside the tropics, including temperate North America, South America, Australia, and Russia.An estimated 50 percent of terrestrial biodiversity is found in rainforestsRainforests are thought to store at least 250 billion tons of carbonDeforestation and degradation of tropical forests account for roughly 10 percent of global greenhouse emissions from human activitiesRainforests are forest ecosystems characterized by high levels of rainfall, an enclosed canopy and high species diversity. While tropical rainforests are the best-known type of rainforest and the focus of this section of the web site, rainforests are actually found widely around the world, including temperate regions in Canada, the United States, and the former Soviet Union.Tropical rainforests typically occur in the equatorial zone between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, latitudes that have warm temperatures and relatively constant year-round sunlight. Tropical rainforests merge into other types of forest depending on the altitude, latitude, and various soil, flooding, and climate conditions. These forest types form a mosaic of vegetation types which contribute to the incredible diversity of the tropics.The bulk of the world's tropical rainforest occurs in the Amazon Basin in South America. The Congo Basin and Southeast Asia, respectively, have the second and third largest areas of tropical rainforest. Rainforests also exist on some the Caribbean islands, in Central America, in India, on scattered islands in the South Pacific, in Madagascar, in West and East Africa outside the Congo Basin, in Central America and Mexico, and in parts of South America outside the Amazon. Brazil has the largest extent of rainforest of any country on Earth.Global forest coverData from FAO 2011.Data from Saatchi et al 2011.Rainforests provide important ecological services, including storing hundreds of billions of tons o
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